Furnace front wall



Oct. 25, 1932. wt BUSFIELD, JR 1,885,075

FURNACE FRONT WALL Filed Jui 1a. 1927 s Sheets-Sheet 1 n'ventar K William, fiusfield Jr.

- fly kis Attorneys Oct. 25, 1932. w. BUSFIELD, JR

FURNACE FRONT WALL 5 Shets-Sheet 2 Filed July 16 1927 fnv enfor William Busfield Jr.

By hisAttorne ys Oct. 25, 1932. w. BUSFIELD. JR

FURNACE FRONT WALL Filed July 16; 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventor William Busfield J77.

0d. 25, 1932. w, BUSHELD, JR 1,885,075

/ FURNACE FRONT WALL Filed July 16. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 h. T g I a a l 2 o Inventor his Attorrwys Oct. w, BUSFlELD JR 1,885,075

FURNACE FRONT WALL Filed July 16. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 N Bus-field J 3,

7 after appear.

line 41- 1 of Fig. 2; 1 j

Patented Oct. '25, 1932 UNITED sfm -as WILLIAM UsrInLn, .13., or PHILADE P IA, rENNsYIlvANIA. AssIGNon T0 'AMERIcAI I ENGINEERING COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA-AI. CORPORATIO OF PENNSYLVANIA.

'1 FURNACE FRONT WALIJ bpplicaticn'filed -July 16; 1327. S'erial 206,213.;

This invention relates to furnaces, and inv particular tothe constructionof' thefrontI I I I I ducts are caused to-"fiow through thewall I walls thereof.

An object of the invention is toso'con struct the front wall of furnaces that *currents of air can be passed therethrough for the purpose of maintaining such front walls uniformly cool. 7

Another object of the invention is to provide a metallic front wall for furnaces, which wall is so constructed as to decrease the cost of maintenance of brickwork.

Another object is to provide a front wall for furnaces which is so constructed as to increase the efficiency of the furnace.

Another object is to provide a hollow front wall for furnaces, through which .wall

is adapted to pass the air used for combustion purposes, the front wall being so constructed as to increasev the temperature and to reduce the pressure of the air, thereby aiding in the combustion of the fuel. I

Other objects and advantages willherein- The views of the drawings are Figure 1 is a vertical transversesecti0n through a furnace front wall constructed according to my invention, taken on the line Fig. 2 is a the line 22 of Fig. 1; V I

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.2; I I 1 I Fig. 1 is. a vertical section taken on the Fig. 5. is a fragmentary vertical transverse section illustrating another form of construc- I tion taken on the line 55 of Fig. 6; I Fig. 6 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken on the line 66 of F ig. 5; and l Fig. 7 is a fragmentary elevationof the inner face of the wall shown in Figs, 5 and 6, and taken on the line 7.7 of Fig. 5.

My present invention is particularly applicable to the front walls of furnaces hav- 3 ing mechanical stokers. V

As is customary in the furnaces of this type each ofthe tuyeres is provided with its own air supply duct.

In accordance with my inventionfthe' I on three sides only, while the latter have four side's. U

. 'of and'servesasa support for the ab front wall of the furnace isso constructed that currents of air from the air supply before entering the tuyeresL Means are also provided for controlling the flow'of air through the furnace'wall.

. Referring to the drawings, and especially I V to the'form of the invention'illustrated by Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, thetuyeres 10 are suitably"carried,"in spaced relation, on supports 11.

The front wall of thefurnace extends li The inner wall 12 is composed ofalternate sections'15 and 16, the formerbeing closed The tops of eachgofthe sections are open, and the bottoms thereof are closed,

While both the top and bottom of each of; Y hesec'tions 16 are'openu Mounted abo e the walland spaced slightlyfrom the'top' oft he sections 15 and '16 are hollow caps 17.

Surmounting the caps 17 Q are bricks. 18 i V which form the r'oof of the furnace.

The sections 15. have aplurality of ver tical webs formed integrally?"therewith. These webs are joined to the side of each" section that is disposed adjacent to' the in -W terior of-the furnace.

asa support for the abutting edges of ad-. joining caps 17. d I i On each side of the web 19 there are websYI 20 which are made substantially the same height as the sides of the sections. I 1

Each of thesections, 16 has a central vertical web 21 that projects above the top there-l 1 .i ng,

edges of the adjoining caps 17.

. There is a central web 19 which projects,

above the top of the sections 15 and serves} The purpose of the Webs 19 and 21 is to divide the inner wall into a plurality of separate chambers.

As shown clearly in Fig. 3, each of the caps 17 spans one-half of each of the sections 15 and 16.

The bottoms of the caps are open, so as to provide a chamber that overlies the adjoining portions of the sections 15 and 16.

' On each side of the web 21 there are webs 22 liaving-a'height approximately equal to the height of the sides of the section 16.

It will be understood that the purpose of the webs 19, 20, 21 and 22 is to provide ample surfaces for radiating the heat of the inner walls of the sections 15 and16.

Below the sections 16, and communicating therewith, are air ducts 23, formed from sheet metal.

The air ducts are disposed between alternate pairs of the supports 11.

The supports 11 are so designed as to carry the sections 15 and 16 (see Fig. 3) as well as the tuyeres (see Fig. 1). i

The outer wall 13 is so constructed that the portion thereof adjacent to the sections 15 is in communication therewith, while the portion thereof adjacent to the sections 16 is not in communication with the latter sections of the inner wall. i

The portion of the outer wall 13 that is disposed contiguous to the sections 15 is divided by vertical webs 24:, while the side of the wall abutting the sections 15 is open, as indicated at 25. I

The outer wall 13 also has vertical webs 26 which have openings 27 formed therein.

The Webs 2 1v are positioned in alignment with the webs 19 of the'sections 15, and the webs 26 are disposed in alignment to the adjoining sides of the sections 15 and 16.

The construction of the outer wall 13 is such that chambers 28 communicating with the sections 15 are formed. Between these chambers, there is a chamber 29 The chambers 28 have closed bottoms, while the chamber 29 has an open bottom through which the air flows in. its course to the tuyeres, as indicated by the arrows 44 in Figs. i V

The chambers 29 are disposed in the outer wall section in alignment with the tuyeres, While the chambers 28, are, as, shown, disposed on each side thereof and are in direct communication with the portions of the sections 15 lying on each side of the section 16.

j The portions of the outer wall in which the chambers 29 are formed have openings 30 which are closed by vertically swinging doors 31.

The doors 31 are adapted to be swung inwardly by suitable means including levers 32, so asto close the openings 16 in the bottom of the chambers 29, and permit exit of the 23 into the sections 16, as indicated by the arrows 4:5 in Figs. 13.

.The webs 21 divide the into two parts, one of which flows past the webs 22 on the right hand side of the Webs 21, while the other portion of the air flows past the webs on the left hand'side-oft-he webs (see forked arrow 47 1 In its passage upwardly through the sections 16, the air will absorb heat radiated from the webs of the section.

From both parts ofthe sections 16 the air flows into the caps. 17, and from here it flows downwardly through the adj acent porti)ons of the sections 15 (see arrows 15 in Fig. 3

The air then flows through the openings into the chambers 28 and continues through the openings 2? into the.cl1a1nbers 29., from which it flows downwardly and forwardly, between the supports 11, to the tuyeres. V

hen the doors '31 close the openings 30, the air will circulate through the front of the furnace in the manner just described, but when the doors are swung downwardly, the air will be deflected thereby pass outwardly through the openings into the fur nace room. i

The air passing through the sections 15 and 16, and the caps 17 reduces the temperature of the front wall, and in so doing absorbs heat. V

The heated air is delivered into the furnace through the tuyer es 10 and aids in the combustion of the fuel, thus increasing the efficiency of the furnace.

Another advantage gained. by using my construction is, that due to the friction through the various passages in the front wall, the air pressure is reduced .in the upper portion of the fuel bed, thus preventing any tendency of the particles of fuel to blow up from the fuel and facilitating the combus'tion of the volatile gases in the fuel.

lVhen the boiler is banked and air is no' longer required for combustion, provision must be made to keep the front wall airbacks from becoming too hot, by passing air through them. 1 V

This is the purpose of scribed above.

When the boiler is banked, the doors 31 are operated, so as to close the openings in the bottoms of the chambers 29 and allow the air to pass into the boiler room until the temperature of the furnace is low enough to prevent burning of the cast iron from which the sections 15 and 16 and the caps 1! are conthe doors 31 destructed, at which time the air supply can be shut off entirely.

- tion.

outer passages.

The advantages iir the construction herein shown and described will be readily apparent when the decreased cost of maintenance: of brick work in theif ront wall, the increased etliciency due to the increasedtemperature of the air used forcombustion purposes, and the reduced air pressureaiding'in the'combustion of the fuel, are taken into considera- The embodiment shown in scribed but differs therefrom in that the surfaces of the inner wall that are exposed to the fire are shown as being faced with fire brick 40. The inner surfaces of the sections comsusceptible of various other modifications and adaptations.

The invention claimed is 2- 1. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a front wall provided with vertical passages in its inner portion and vertical passages in its outer portion, the inner passages -communicating at their lower ends with a source of air supply, means leading from the lower ends of the outer. passages to the tuyeres,, and means establishing communication between the inner and outer passages.

2. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a wall provided with vertical passages both in its inner and outer portions, the inner passages being connectedin sets to form tortuous passages with one terminal passage of each set connected with a source of air supply and the other terminal passage of each set communicating with one of the outer passages, and means connecting the outer pas-. sages with the tuyeres.

3. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a front wall provided with vertical passages both in its inner and outer portions, the inner passages communicatingwith a source of air supply and being provided with heat-transferring fins projecting from their rear walls, means connecting the outer pass;

sages with the tuyeres, and means establishing communication between the inner and 4. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a front wall provided with vertical passages both in its inner andv outer portions. the inner passages being separated into sets of two with the passages of the respective sets I set being connected with a-source of air sup ply and the lower ends of the other passages of the respective sets being connected with 5. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a front wall provided with passages both in its inner and outer portions, the pas sages 1n the inner portion being connected 1n] sets'to form'tortuous passages, one end of each of which 18 connected toa source of air sup- Y ply while the other end is connected with an Figs. 5,6 and .7- is essentially the same as thatpreviously de.-.

outer wall passage, and means leading from the said outer passages to the tuyeres wherebv air isconducted from the source of supply through'the inner tortuous passages and discharged through the outer passages to the tuyeres. r Y

6. In a furnace, a wall. comprlsmginner and outer hollow sections, the inner section being divided into a plurality of passages each of which is connected'at oneend to a source of air supply and at" the other .end to the outer hollow section. and means establishing communication between the said outer seceach of the passages of the inner section communicating with a passage of the outer section means for "establishin communication betweenthe passages-of the outer section and the interior of the furnace, and means for directing air upwardly into the passages of the inner'section and downwardlyfrom the passa es of the outersection into the interior ofthe furnace.

8. In a furnace, a wall having inner and I outer'portions-both of which are composed of contiguous hollow sections forming vertical passages, means including a plurality of hollow caps overlying the said hollow sections of the inner wall portion for connecting the vertical passages of the latter'in sets forming a tortuous way paralleling the inner face of thesaidywall, means for establishing comvmunication between the passages of the inner and outer sections, and means for direct ing air into the said tortuous way formed in the'inner' wall portion and outwardly from the passages of the outer wall portion into the interior of the furnace.

9. In a furnace,'-a wa-ll:having inner and outer hollow portions, both of said portions being divided into a plurality of independent passages, each of the passages of the inner portion communicating with a'passage of the outer portion, means for connecting each of said inner passages with, a source of air supply and for establishing"communication'bet-ween each of said outer passages and the interior of the furnace, and adjustable means for diverting air entering the outer passages from the inner pass'ages'to the exterior of-the furnace.

10.. In a furnace, a wall comprising inner and outer port1ons, the1nner portion comprising contiguous hollow sections one of which is open at both top and bottom while the other is open at the top only, a cap member overlying said sections and forming therewith a tortuous passage extending upwardly through the one section and downwardly through the other, said outer wall portion also comprising hollow sections, and means for establishing communication between the bottom of the last-named inner section and one of the hollow sections of the outer wall portion, the lower open end of the said inner section last-named being connected with a source of air supply and the associated hollow outer section communicating with the interior of the furnace.

11. In a furnace, a wall comprising inner and outer portions, the inner portion comprising contiguous hollow sections one of which is open at both top and bottom while the other is open at the top only, a cap member overlying said sections and forming therewith a tortuous passage extending upwardly through the one section and downwardly through the other, said outer wall portion also comprising hollow sections, means for establishing communication between thebottom of the last-named inner section and one of the hollow sections of the outer wall portion, the lower open end of the said inner section last-named being connected with a source of air supply and the associated outer section communicating with the interior of the furnace, and adjustable means for diverting air passing through said hollow sections to the exterior of the furnace.

12. In a furnace, a wall. comprising inner and outer hollow portions, both of said portions being divided into a plurality of independent passages, means for establishing communication between the passages of the inner portion and the passages of the outer portion, means for connecting the passages of the inner portion with a source of air supply and the passages of the outer wall portion with the interior of the furnace, said outer passages having also ports for connecting said passages to the exterior of the furnace, doors normally closing said ports, and means for adjusting said doors to break communication between said outer passages and the interior of the furnace and to open said ports whereby air passing into the outer passages from the inner passages is dis charged to the exterior of the furnace.

13. A furnace comprising fuel-supporting tuyeres, a wall provided with vertical passages both in its inner and outer portions, the inner passages being connected in sets to form-tortuous passages with one terminal passage of each set communicating with one of the outer passages, the other terminal passages of the said sets and the corresponding 1 enter passages being connected one with a and the lower ends of the other passages of said sets and the outer passages being connected one to a source of air supply and the other tothe tuyeres.

' WILLIAM BUSFIELD, JR. 

